16Mo3 steel is a widely used medium carbon manganese alloy, it accounts for 45%~65% in steel, the steel has high strength and toughness, but also has good hardenability and tempering and softening resistance, so 16Mo3 steel in cutting tools, cold working die and mechanical processing and other aspects have been widely used. However, this steel is more sensitive to oxidation. Because 16Mo3 steel has good comprehensive performance, it can obtain high tempering stability, but the tempering temperature should be controlled well.
The hardness range from after quenching to before high temperature tempering is 85~90 HRC, while the tempering temperature is generally 450~550℃ (tempering temperature should be reduced if cooling with the furnace). 16Mo3 steel is used to manufacture cold working die with large section size and complex shape. Due to its good hardenability and tempering plasticity, 16Mo3 steel is widely used in cold working dies.
16Mo3 steel belongs to martensitic stainless steel, 16Mo3 steel hardenability is good, but due to the high nickel content of the steel, chromium content is relatively low, so generally can not use the quenching method for heat treatment. The commonly used heat treatment methods include annealing, tempering and hardening.
1. Annealing is the heat treatment method of heating steel to a certain temperature and holding it for a certain time, and then cooling it in the air.
After annealing, the strength and hardness of 16Mo3 steel can be improved, while maintaining good toughness. In order to improve the comprehensive properties of 16Mo3 steel and reduce the recrystallization area, better results can be achieved by water quenching at the heating temperature of 970℃~850℃ and holding time of 2h or 12h. It is then cooled to room temperature in water.
2. Normalizing is the heat treatment method of heating 16Mo3 steel to above austenitizing temperature and below the depth of hardening layer, and then immediately quenching and low temperature tempering. Because it takes a long time for austenite to be transformed into martensite after normalization, direct normalizing heat treatment is generally adopted in order to shorten normalizing time, save energy, reduce costs and other factors.
3. Hardening is a heat treatment method to obtain high hardness and wear resistance by cooling 16Mo3 steel to room temperature or lower temperature at an appropriate speed after preheating at a certain temperature or not.
16Mo3 steel is generally better treated by direct tempering after water quenching. In order to increase the workpiece surface hardness, improve wear resistance and reduce the heat stress, improve the surface hardened layer depth of 16Mo3 steel, improve the surface wear resistance, corrosion resistance and other advantages, appropriate pretreatment such as nitrizing should be carried out before cold treatment.
4. Hardening is a heat treatment method that heats 16Mo3 steel to more than 600℃ and then keeps it for a certain time and then directly cools it to room temperature to obtain better strength and toughness and obtain good comprehensive properties.
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