ASTM A36 steel is the American standard carbon structural steel, which is a commonly used structural steel. The national standard and its counterpart is the carbon structural steel Q235. In addition, Q235GJ, a high-performance structural steel that has been widely used successfully in recent years, is also compared because its strength is similar to that of A36 steel.
Carbon content is the main factor affecting the strength of steel. A notable feature of the chemical composition of A36 steel is that the carbon content increases gradually with the thickness or diameter of the steel, reaching a maximum of 0.29%. Due to the internal defects of the steel, the strength of the steel generally decreases with the increase of the thickness or diameter. A36 steel adopts the method of increasing the carbon content to make up for the decrease in strength. However, the increase of carbon content will also bring about problems such as weldability and ductility reduction. Therefore, in practical engineering, it is not recommended to use steel plates with too large thickness.
The chemical composition of the national standard Q235 does not change with the thickness, but with the improvement of the quality level, the control of the content of two harmful substances of sulfur and phosphorus is becoming more and more strict. Only from the control of parathion content, A36 steel is close to Q235B.
A36 steel contains no less than 0.2% copper, while Q235 steel does not contain copper. Because copper can significantly improve the atmospheric corrosion resistance of carbon structural steel, A36 steel is significantly better than Q235 in terms of atmospheric corrosion resistance.
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