What is ASTM A36?
ASTM A36 is a kind of American Standard Plain Carbon Structural Steel Plate, and its executive standard is ASTM Special Technical Condition, which is the abbreviation of American Society of Testing and Materials, and A36 refers to the grade of this steel plate.ASTM A36 steel plate has been widely used in the machinery manufacturing industry, such as Crane equipment parts, bearing housings, coal mining machinery, mining machinery, ship parts, heavy machinery, automotive equipment and so on.
As a kind of American Standard carbon structural plate, ASTM 36 is widely used in the field of construction and bridge with its excellent performance. The material is implemented under the standard ASTM A36/A36M03a, a standard that ensures that the quality and performance of ASTM 36 steel meets certain requirements to meet the needs of various structural applications.
ASTM A36 is usually available in the following forms:
Rectangle bar
Square bar
Circular rod
Steel shapes such as channels, angles, H-beams and I-beams.
Chemical Composition of ASTM A36 Steel
| Element | Content |
|---|---|
| Carbon, C | 0.25 - 0.290 % |
| Copper, Cu | 0.20 % |
| Iron, Fe | 98.0 % |
| Manganese, Mn | 1.03 % |
| Phosphorous, P | 0.040 % |
| Silicon, Si | 0.280 % |
| Sulfur, S | 0.050 % |
Physical Properties of ASTM A36 Steel
| Physical Properties | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 7.85 g/cm3 | 0.284 lb/in3 |
Mechanical Properties of ASTM A36 Steel
| Mechanical Properties | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength, Ultimate | 400 - 550 MPa | 58000 - 79800 psi |
| Tensile Strength, Yield | 250 MPa | 36300 psi |
| Elongation at Break (in 200 mm) | 20.0 % | 20.0 % |
| Elongation at Break (in 50 mm) | 23.0 % | 23.0 % |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 200 GPa | 29000 ksi |
| Bulk Modulus (typical for steel) | 140 GPa | 20300 ksi |
| Poissons Ratio | 0.260 | 0.260 |
| Shear Modulus | 79.3 GPa | 11500 ksi |
Performance Characteristics of ASTM A36 Steel Plate
ASTM A36 steel plate is a low carbon steel that typically has a carbon content of less than 0.25%. This low carbon composition gives ASTM A36 steel plate good weldability and toughness for a variety of machining and fabrication processes. In addition, ASTM A36 steel plate has excellent formability, allowing for easy machining operations such as cutting, bending and welding.
In terms of mechanical properties, the yield strength of ASTM A36 steel plate is usually around 250MPa and the tensile strength is between 400550MPa. Meanwhile, it also has high elongation and impact toughness, which can maintain good performance in various environments and usage scenarios. These excellent mechanical properties make ASTM A36 steel plate widely used in various construction, machinery and engineering fields.
Manufacturing process of ASTM A36 steel plate
The manufacturing process of ASTM A36 steel plate mainly includes steps of steelmaking, rolling and heat treatment. In the smelting process, process conditions such as electric arc furnace or converter melting are used to ensure the purity of the steel and the accuracy of the composition. In the continuous casting process, proper cooling rate and billet temperature are essential to ensure the internal organization and mechanical properties of the billet. In rolling, precise control of the rolling process and temperature ensures that quality indicators such as thickness, width and flatness of the steel plate meet the requirements.
In addition to the above basic manufacturing process, ASTM A36 steel plate also requires a series of testing and quality control measures. For example, its chemical composition, mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy and other aspects of the test to ensure that it meets the standard requirements. Meanwhile, non-destructive testing and other means are also needed to detect possible defects and problems within the steel plate.
Application of ASTM A36 Steel Plate
ASTM A36 is a medium carbon steel with a carbon content between 0.25% and 0.35%, which belongs to the category of low carbon structural steel. The steel has excellent toughness and malleability, is easy to process and weld, and also excels in strength.ASTM A36 steel has stable mechanical properties that meet the needs of most structural steels, and is therefore used in a wide range of applications in industrial manufacturing and construction.
ASTM A36 steel has a wide range of applications, including the following:
1. Construction field: ASTM A36 steel is widely used in a variety of building structures, such as bridges, houses, factories and so on. Its excellent toughness and plasticity make it an ideal choice in the construction field.
2. Mechanical manufacturing field: ASTM A36 steel has stable mechanical properties, which can meet the needs of manufacturing various mechanical parts, such as bearings, gears, shafts, etc.
3. Shipbuilding field: ASTM A36 steel has excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, so it is widely used in shipbuilding, such as hulls and bridges.
4. Petrochemical field: ASTM A36 steel can still maintain stable mechanical properties under high temperature and high pressure, so it is widely used in the manufacture of petrochemical equipment, such as reactors, tanks and so on.
ASTM A36 is said to be same as EN S275 steel plate. A36 steel is a very low carbon steel that blends great strength with form ability. It can be safely welded with minimum caution. This structural steel plate can be galvanized to give enhanced corrosion resistance which ensures superior quality.
Processing and welding of ASTM A36
ASTM A36 steel is easy to process and weld, and can be processed by conventional cutting, drilling, milling and other machining processes. In terms of welding, ASTM A36 steel has good welding performance, and can be connected by various welding methods, such as arc welding, gas welding, TIG welding and so on.
Anti-corrosion treatment of ASTM A36
ASTM A36 steel is susceptible to corrosive influences in harsh environments such as humidity and corrosion, and therefore requires anti-corrosion treatment. Common anti-corrosion treatment methods include painting, galvanizing, spraying, etc. These treatments can effectively improve the corrosion resistance of ASTM A36 steel and extend its service life.
ASTM A36 steel plate cutting
Steel plate cutting refers to the use of natural gas flame (oxygen natural gas) that will be cut to the metal preheated to the ignition point that can be burned vigorously, and then release a high-pressure oxygen gas stream, so that the metal further intense oxidation and combustion of the slag produced by blowing off the formation of the process of the cut.
Steel plate cutting methods include flame cutting, laser cutting, wire cutting, shearing machines, plasma cutting, ultra-high-pressure water cutting and other methods
Flame cutting equipment is low cost and a cost-effective means of cutting thick metal plates, but has its shortcomings in thin plate cutting. Therefore, thick plates are generally cut by flame.
Summary and Prospect
As a high-quality carbon structural steel, ASTM A36 steel plate is widely used in construction, machinery and engineering fields. Its excellent mechanical and processing properties make it ideal for a variety of structural components, mechanical parts and containers. With the continuous progress of science and technology and the continuous improvement of process, we believe that ASTM A36 steel plate will be more widely and deeply applied in the future. Meanwhile, we are looking forward to more research and development on ASTM A36 steel plate to meet the ever-changing market demands and challenges.
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