Structural alloy steel is one kind of main varieties of steel products, and it has close relationship with the development of modern industry. 1872 ~ 1874, when the United States built the Mississippi River bridge, they used high carbon chromium cast steel manufacturing bridge arch frame, this marks the start of structural alloy steel industry in scale production and application.
At the end of the 1870 s, the French and the British used chrome steel for manufacturing ordnance weapons (especially armor plate, cannonball, etc.). In the 1880 s, the French developed and produced low carbon nickel steel,this makes the performance of structure material to a new level and marks the beginning of the structural alloy steel industrial production.Soon after,it realized the industrial production of low carbon chrome steel. The competition started between nickel steel and chrome steel.The competition result is in the last ten years of nineteenth century appeared nickel-chromium steel.
In addition to use on military industrial production ,Structural alloy steel gradually turn to the civil expansion.At the beginning of twentieth century, structural alloy steel entered into automobile manufacturing industry.The demand from Car industry has become the development power of structural alloy steel.At the end of 19 th century, the French have ever added vanadium to the steel alone, or with the application of nickel and chromium.The chrome steel containing vanadium firstly was used in armor steel plate, and later used in automobile.After 1907, the United States began the industrial production of chromium vanadium steel.In the first world war, the industry application of molybdenum began in Structural steel. It developed the nickel molybdenum steel, chromium molybdenum steel and nickel chrome steel.
In the second world war, structural alloy steel widely used in the manufacture of aircraft engine parts (such as the bent axle, valve spring, gear, CAM and fasteners, etc), and can also be used to engine mount, the plane take-off and landing device. The application of structural alloy steel in the airline industry makes the material of the metallurgical quality ,technology and equipment get the very big development. In the 1930 s, it produced the structural alloy steel-H steel which is supplied according to the harden ability. In The 1950 s, it developed and applied the boron steel.Boron steel is the most cheap structural alloy steel under same quench-hardening ability.The development of Aviation and Space industry promotes the development of ultrahigh strength steel.Such as low alloy, ultrahigh strength steel AISI 4340, 300 iVI, HP310; high alloy precipitation-hardening stainless steel, 20% Ni and 25% Ni and 18% Ni aging type high strength steel and 9 Ni-4Co-×× type high strength steel (x says carbon content).In the 1970 s, hot rolled high strength steel came out.
The development of structural alloy steel can be divided into three stages:
Before 1870 is budding stage;
During 1870 ~ 1940, it is development stage
After 1940 it is improving and promoting stage.
The basic development situation of structural alloy steel in China is like this. In the 1950 s,on the base of studying the Soviet union and taking Germany as reference, China established structural alloy steel series, copied and trial-produced structural alloy steel of the Soviet union some standards, enacted and implemented technology standard heavy 7 ~ 52. In 60 ~ 70 s, the application range of structural alloy steel is gradually expanded t. For saving nickel, chromium elements and meeting the military state-of-the-art technology China developed some new grades of steel. From 1980 s our country has been able to be self-sufficiency on structural alloy steel.
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