430 stainless steel is a ferritic, straight chromium, non-hardenable grade, combining good corrosion resistance and formability characteristics with useful mechanical properties. Its ability to resist nitric acid attack permits its use in specific chemical applications but automotive trim and appliance components represents its largest fields of application.
430 stainless steel Chemical Composition
Carbon 0.12 max
Chromium 16 - 18
Iron Balance
Manganese 1 max
Phosphorus 0.04 max
Silicon 1 max
Sulphur 0.03 max
430 stainless steel Welding
The grade is primarily ferritic, but welding will cause some amount of martensite to the HAZ (heat affected zone) due to higher carbon content and the lack of stabilising elements. Martensite forms typically along solidification and crystallographic boundaries. This grade is not considered to be used in as-welded condition; a postweld heat treatment at 750-800 °C is required for adequate ductility and corrosion resistance in the weld region.
Low heat input is recommended to avoid pronounced grain coarsening. Absence of stabilisation means that this steel is distinctly vulnerable to sensitisation phenomenon during welding, even though martensite hogs a great amount of carbon and nitrogen.
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