The performance indicators of steel are generally divided into mechanical properties, chemical properties and process properties. Among them, mechanical properties refer to the resistance of metal materials to chemical or electrochemical reactions，when they are in contact with the surrounding medium. Mechanical properties mainly include the following aspects:
1. Strength: strength refers to the ability of a material to resist deformation or fracture. There are two types: yield strength b and tensile strength s. The strength index is an important index to measure structural steel. The higher the strength, the greater the force the steel bears.
2. Hardness: hardnessrefers to the ability of the surface of the material to resist hard objects. There are three common ones: brinell hardness HBS, rockwell hardness HRC, vickers hardness HV. Hardness is an index to measure the deformability of the steel surface. The higher the hardness, the better the wear resistance of the steel, that is, it is not easy to wear.
3. Plasticity: plasticity refers to the ability of a material to deform without breaking. There are two ways of expression: elongation and reduction of area. Plasticity is an index to measure the forming ability of steel. The higher the plasticity, the better the ductility of the steel, that is, it is easier to wire or roll.
4. Toughness: toughness is also called impact toughness, which refers to the ability of a material to resist impact deformation, expressed as the impact value k. Impact toughness is an index to measure the impact resistance of steel. The higher the value, the stronger the steel's ability to resist motion loads.
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